French guides · Everyday phrases

50 common French phrases that do the actual talking.

These are the phrases that run everyday French life — the ones you will need in a shop, a café, a station, and the first two minutes of meeting someone. They are grouped by situation, and every one comes with plain-English pronunciation you can read straight off the page. You don’t need 5,000 words to start: you need these, said with a smile and a bonjour.

Cocoon French·Updated 27 August 2026·6 min read

Politeness first

French politeness is not decoration — it is the price of entry. These ten come before everything else, and they will carry you further than any amount of grammar.

FrenchSay itEnglish
Bonjourbohn-ZHOORhello / good morning
Bonsoirbohn-SWAHRgood evening
S’il vous plaîtseel voo PLEHplease
Mercimehr-SEEthank you
Merci beaucoupmehr-see boh-KOOthank you very much
De rienduh ree-ANyou’re welcome
Excusez-moiex-ku-zay MWAHexcuse me (to get attention)
Pardonpar-DOHNsorry / excuse me (squeezing past)
Je suis désolé(e)zhuh swee day-zoh-LAYI’m sorry
Bonne journéebun zhoor-NAYhave a good day
The bonjour rule

Walking into a French shop, bakery, pharmacy or waiting room without saying bonjour is not "a bit informal" — it reads as genuinely rude, and you will feel the temperature drop. Greet the room on the way in, and finish with merci, au revoir on the way out. It costs two seconds and it changes the whole exchange.

One caution on désolé: a woman writes and says désolée — the extra e is silent, so both sound identical out loud. The same goes for enchanté and perdu(e) further down the page.

When you’re lost in the language

These are the most useful phrases on this page, and the ones beginners skip. Learn them before you learn how to order dinner — they are what lets the conversation keep going when you fall behind.

FrenchSay itEnglish
Je ne comprends paszhuh nuh kohm-prahn PAHI don’t understand
Pouvez-vous répéter, s’il vous plaît ?poo-vay voo ray-pay-TAYcan you repeat that, please?
Plus lentement, s’il vous plaîtplu lahnt-MAHNmore slowly, please
Parlez-vous anglais ?par-lay voo ahn-GLEHdo you speak English?
Je ne parle pas bien françaiszhuh nuh parl pah byan frahn-SEHI don’t speak French well
Comment dit-on… en français ?koh-mahn dee-TOHNhow do you say… in French?
Qu’est-ce que ça veut dire ?kess kuh sah vuh DEERwhat does that mean?
Je ne sais paszhuh nuh say PAHI don’t know
Pouvez-vous m’aider ?poo-vay voo may-DAYcan you help me?

Je ne comprends pas, said with a smile, solves more problems than perfect grammar ever will. It tells the other person exactly what to do — slow down, use easier words, point at the thing — and almost everyone will. In fast speech you will hear it shortened to j’comprends pas, but say the full version and you will always be understood.

Café and restaurant

FrenchSay itEnglish
Je voudrais…zhuh voo-DREHI would like…
Un café, s’il vous plaîtuhn kah-FAY seel voo PLEHa coffee, please
La carte, s’il vous plaîtlah KARTthe menu, please
Une carafe d’eau, s’il vous plaîtewn kah-RAHF DOHa jug of tap water, please
Une table pour deuxewn tahbl poor DUHa table for two
Ça fait combien ?sah feh kohm-BYANhow much is that?
C’est combien ?say kohm-BYANhow much is it?
L’addition, s’il vous plaîtlah-dee-SYOHNthe bill, please
C’était délicieuxsay-teh day-lee-SYUHit was delicious

Je voudrais is the polite way to order — softer than je veux ("I want"), which sounds blunt to French ears. Stick s’il vous plaît on the end of anything and it is polite enough. And don’t wait for the bill to arrive on its own: in France it is considered rude to rush you, so nothing happens until you ask for l’addition.

Finding your way

FrenchSay itEnglish
Où est… ?oo EHwhere is…?
Je cherche…zhuh SHERSHI’m looking for…
Où sont les toilettes ?oo sohn lay twah-LETwhere are the toilets?
À gaucheah GOHSHleft / on the left
À droiteah DRWATright / on the right
Tout droittoo DRWAHstraight ahead
C’est loin ?say LWANis it far?
La garelah GARthe (train) station

Watch the two that sound almost the same: à droite is right and tout droit is straight ahead. If you only catch one word of the answer, catch that one. And a directions question always starts with excusez-moi, bonjour — you are interrupting a stranger, so greet them first.

Meeting people

FrenchSay itEnglish
Je m’appelle…zhuh mah-PELLmy name is…
Comment vous appelez-vous ?koh-mahn voo zah-play VOOwhat’s your name?
Enchanté / Enchantéeahn-shahn-TAYpleased to meet you
Ça va ? — Ça va !sah VAHhow are you? — I’m good!
D’où venez-vous ?doo vuh-nay VOOwhere are you from?
Je viens de…zhuh vyan duhI come from…
J’apprends le françaiszhah-PRAHN luh frahn-SEHI’m learning French
À bientôtah byan-TOHsee you soon
Au revoiroh ruh-VWAHRgoodbye

J’apprends le français is worth memorising for its own sake. Said early, it quietly asks the other person to be patient and to speak simply — and it usually works better than apologising for your French.

Ça va does two jobs

Ça va ? is the question and the answer. Someone asks ça va ?, you reply ça va, merci — et vous ? (sah VAH mehr-SEE, ay VOO). Keep et vous ? for people you don’t know; with a friend it becomes et toi ? (ay TWAH).

If things go wrong

You will probably never need these five. Learn them anyway — they are the ones you cannot look up when you need them.

FrenchSay itEnglish
Au secours !oh suh-KOORhelp!
Appelez un médecinah-play uhn mayd-SANcall a doctor
J’ai besoin d’aidezhay buh-zwan DEDI need help
J’ai perdu mon passeportzhay pehr-du mohn pass-PORI’ve lost my passport
Je me suis perdu(e)zhuh muh swee pehr-DUI’m lost

Fifty phrases is not a vocabulary — it is a working kit. The difference between reading them here and having them arrive when you open your mouth is repetition out loud, which is the one thing a list on a page cannot do for you.

Hear it, then say it

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Quick answers

Everyday French, answered.

The questions learners ask before their first trip.

What are the most important French phrases for beginners?+
Start with the polite handful: bonjour (hello), s'il vous plaît (please), merci (thank you), excusez-moi (excuse me) and au revoir (goodbye). Add je ne comprends pas (I don't understand) and parlez-vous anglais ? (do you speak English?) and you can already get through a shop, a café or a train station.
How do you say "I don't understand" in French?+
Je ne comprends pas, pronounced zhuh nuh kohm-prahn PAH. Follow it with plus lentement, s'il vous plaît (plu lahnt-MAHN) to ask the person to slow down, or pouvez-vous répéter, s'il vous plaît ? to ask them to say it again.
How do you ask "Do you speak English?" politely?+
Say bonjour first, then parlez-vous anglais ? (par-lay voo ahn-GLEH). Opening with bonjour is what makes it polite — the question on its own can sound abrupt.
What should I say when entering a shop in France?+
Bonjour — always. Walking into a French shop, bakery or waiting room without greeting the person there reads as genuinely rude. Say bonjour on the way in, merci, au revoir on the way out, and you are doing it right.
How many phrases do I need to have a simple conversation?+
Far fewer than people expect. A few dozen well-practised phrases — greetings, please and thank you, ordering, asking directions, and the ones that ask someone to slow down — will carry a simple exchange. What matters is that they come out without hunting for them, which is a question of practice rather than of adding more words.